Comentario sobre Ma'aser Sheni 5:12
לֹא אָכַלְתִּי בְאֹנִי מִמֶּנּוּ (שם), הָא אִם אֲכָלוֹ בַאֲנִינָה אֵינוֹ יָכוֹל לְהִתְוַדּוֹת. וְלֹא בִעַרְתִּי מִמֶּנּוּ בְּטָמֵא, הָא אִם הִפְרִישׁוֹ בְטֻמְאָה אֵינוֹ יָכוֹל לְהִתְוַדּוֹת. וְלֹא נָתַתִּי מִמֶּנּוּ לְמֵת, לֹא לָקַחְתִּי מִמֶּנּוּ אָרוֹן וְתַכְרִיכִים לְמֵת, וְלֹא נְתַתִּיו לְאוֹנְנִים אֲחֵרִים. שָׁמַעְתִּי בְקוֹל ה' אֱלֹהָי, הֲבֵאתִיו לְבֵית הַבְּחִירָה. עָשִׂיתִי כְּכֹל אֲשֶׁר צִוִּיתָנִי, שָׂמַחְתִּי וְשִׂמַּחְתִּי בוֹ:
"No he comido de ella en mi luto" (Deut. 26:14). Por lo tanto, si comió de luto, no puede confesar. "Y no lo he eliminado en impureza". Por lo tanto, si lo separó mientras era impuro, no puede confesar. "Y no se lo di a los muertos". No compré con él un ataúd o mortajas para los muertos, ni se lo di a otros dolientes. "Escuché la voz de Hashem, mi Di-s": la traje al Templo Elegido. "He hecho todo lo que me has mandado". Estaba feliz y causé alegría con eso.
Bartenura on Mishnah Maaser Sheni
לא אכלתי באוני – the entire day of death is [a period of] grief according to the Torah, and even after the burial, and the night that is after the day of the death is [a period of] grief according to the Rabbis. And similarly, the day of burial which is not the day of death is [part of the period of] grief according to the Rabbis.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Maaser Sheni
Introduction
And more midrash….
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Bartenura on Mishnah Maaser Sheni
לא לקחתי ממנו ארון ותכריכין למת – and in a similar manner, for the [still] living, it is forbidden, for it is prohibited to purchase clothing and things like it from the Second Tithe [monies] as it is taught at the conclusion of the first chapter (Mishnah 7):” [this is the general principle:] if one purchased anything other than food, drink or anointment [with money from Second Tithe], if he purchased, he must consume of an equal value.” And [the Mishnah] did not make mention here the bier and the burial shrouds other to inform us that it not matter if he anointed from it [that was to be used] for the dead person, for he cannot make confession, as it says (Deuteronomy 26:14): “[I have not eaten] of it [while in mourning],” from the body of the [Second] Tithe, but even if he purchased a bier and burial shrouds [from it] and did not give from the substance of the Tithe for the dead, he is not able to recite the confession.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Maaser Sheni
“I have not eaten from it in my mourning (” thus, if he had eaten it in his mourning (, he cannot make the confession. The word for mourning used here is “oni” in the Torah, and “aninut” in the midrashic explanation. This is not the full seven day period of mourning but the day that one of a person’s close relatives die. If one of a person’s seven close relatives dies, then he/she is an onen on that day and is not allowed to eat holy things, such as terumah, maaser sheni or sacrifices. After the day is over and the body has been buried the person can eat terumah and maaser sheni, as long as he is ritually pure. If he ate of it while he was an onen, he can’t make the confession.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Maaser Sheni
“Neither have I removed any of it when unclean” thus, if he had removed it in uncleanness he cannot make the confession. The removal must be done in a state of purity because if he removes it while impure, he will cause the produce to become impure. If he did the removal while impure, he can’t recite the confession.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Maaser Sheni
“And I have not given any of it to the dead” I have not used any of it for a coffin or shrouds for the dead, and I have not given any of it to other mourners. The Torah cryptically (pun intended) states, “I have not given any of it to the dead.” Tigay (JPS Commentary on Deuteronomy, p. 244) explains that this originally meant “to feed their spirits…The ancients believed that the living can assist the spirits of the dead in Sheol by providing them with food and drink.” The rabbis do not seem familiar with this concept and therefore they interpret it to mean that one cannot use maaser sheni money to aid the dead in practical ways, either by using the money to buy a coffin or shrouds, or by giving the money to other mourners (onenim) so that they could use the money for their dead.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Maaser Sheni
“I have listened to the voice of the Lord my God” I have brought it to the chosen house. “The Chosen House” refers to all of Jerusalem and not just the Temple. The confessor states that he has brought the maaser sheni to the city of Jerusalem so that he could eat it there.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Maaser Sheni
“I have done just as you commanded me I have rejoiced and made others rejoice. Deuteronomy 14:26-27 stipulates that when a person comes to Jerusalem he should rejoice and cause others to rejoice. The midrash in our mishnah reads this mitzvah into the confession.
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